Soyabin Farming Guide
✅ 1. Introduction to Soybean Farming
Soybean (Glycine max) is a major oilseed crop, valued for its protein-rich seeds and oil content. It's widely used in food, animal feed, and industrial products.
Main Uses:
- Edible oil and soy flour
- Animal feed and poultry industry
- Processed foods: soy milk, tofu, etc.
📍 2. Suitable Climate and Soil
➤ Climate:
- Warm and moist climate
- Temperature: 20°C to 30°C
- Rainfall: 500–800 mm (well-distributed)
➤ Soil:
- Well-drained loamy or sandy loam
- pH: 6.0–7.5
- Rich in organic matter
📅 3. Sowing Season
| Region | Sowing Time | Harvesting |
|---|---|---|
| Kharif Season (India) | Mid-June to July | October to November |
| USA / Temperate Zones | April to May | September to October |
🌱 4. Land Preparation
- 1-2 deep ploughings followed by harrowing
- Leveling the field to avoid waterlogging
- Incorporate 10-15 tons FYM or compost per ha
🌾 5. Seed Selection & Treatment
- High-yielding, pest-resistant varieties: JS 335, NRC 37, MACS 124
- Seed rate: 75–80 kg/ha
- Treat with Rhizobium culture and fungicides (Thiram/Carbendazim)
🚜 6. Sowing Methods
- Line sowing (drill method preferred)
- Spacing: 45 cm (row) × 5–7 cm (plant)
- Sowing depth: 3–4 cm
💧 7. Irrigation Requirements
- Needs 3–4 irrigations in rain-deficit areas
- Critical stages: flowering, pod filling
- Ensure proper drainage during monsoon
🌿 8. Fertilizer Management
| Nutrient | Rate (kg/ha) | Application |
|---|---|---|
| N (Nitrogen) | 20–30 | Basal (starter dose only) |
| P (Phosphorus) | 60–80 | Basal |
| K (Potassium) | 30–40 | Basal |
| Micronutrients | Zinc, Sulphur | As needed |
🐛 9. Pest and Disease Management
| Problem | Symptoms | Control |
|---|---|---|
| Stem fly | Yellowing, stunted growth | Imidacloprid spray |
| Leaf miner | Leaf tunnels | Spinosad spray |
| Anthracnose | Black lesions | Carbendazim |
🧺 10. Harvesting
- Harvest when pods turn yellow & dry
- Use sickle or combine harvester
- Threshing by beating or using thresher
🧴 11. Post-Harvest Management
- Dry grains to 9-10% moisture
- Clean and sort grains
- Store in cool, dry pest-free godowns
📈 12. Yield
- Irrigated: 20–30 quintals/ha
- Rain-fed: 10–15 quintals/ha
💰 13. Economics / Profitability
| Input | Cost (₹/ha) |
|---|---|
| Seeds | 2,000 – 3,000 |
| Fertilizer & Chemicals | 3,000 – 5,000 |
| Labor | 4,000 – 6,000 |
| Total Cost | ₹10,000 – ₹15,000 |
| Gross Return | ₹30,000 – ₹50,000 |
| Net Profit | ₹15,000 – ₹35,000 |
🌐 14. Tips for Website Presentation
- Banner: “Master Soybean Farming – Grow Smart, Earn Big!”
- Infographics: Seed to Storage, Fertilizer schedule
- FAQ block: “Why Rhizobium is important?”
- Sidebar: Soy price tracker, weather, downloads